2316 CHAPTER 68. A DIFFERENT KIND OF STOCHASTIC INTEGRATION

Now also

exp(

t (−x)− t2

2

)=

∑n=0

Hn (−x) tn

and taking successive derivatives with respect to t of the left side and evaluating at t = 0yields

Hn (−x) = (−1)n Hn (x) .

Summarizing these as in [102],

H ′n (x) = Hn−1 (x) ,n≥ 1, H0 (x) = 0,H1 (x) = xxHn (x)−Hn−1 (x) = (n+1)Hn+1 (x) , n≥ 1

Hn (−x) = (−1)n Hn (x)(68.1.3)

Clearly, these relations show that all of these Hn are polynomials. Also the degree of Hn (x)is n and the coefficient of xn is 1/n!.

Definition 68.1.1 You can also consider Hermite polynomials which depend on λ . Theseare defined as follows:

Hn (x,λ )≡(−λ )n

n!e

12λ

x2 ∂ n

∂xn

(e−

12λ

x2)

You can see clearly that these are polynomials in x. For example, let n = 2. Then youwould have from the above definition.

H0 (x,λ ) = 1, H1 (x,λ ) =(−λ )1

1!e

12λ

x2 ∂

∂x

(e−

12

x2λ

)= x

H2 (x,λ )≡(−λ )2

2!e

12λ

x2 ∂ 2

∂x2

(e−

12λ

x2)=

12

x2− 12

λ

The idea is you end up with polynomials of degree n times e−x2/2λ in the derivative partand then this cancels with ex2/2λ to leave you with a polynomial of degree n. Also theleading term will always be xn

n! which is easily seen from the above. Then there are somerelationships satisfied by these.

Say n > 1 in what follows.

∂xHn (x,λ ) =

(−λ )n e12

x2λ

n!∂ n

∂xn

(e−

12λ

x2)+

(−λ )n

n!e

12λ

x2 ∂ n

∂xn

(∂

∂xe−

12λ

x2)

=xλ

(−λ )n e12

x2λ

n!∂ n

∂xn

(e−

12λ

x2)+

(−λ )n

n!e

12λ

x2 ∂ n

∂xn

(− x

λe−

12

x2λ

)Now since n > 1, that last term reduces to

(−λ )n

n!e

12λ

x2[− x

λ

∂ n

∂xn

(e−

12

x2λ

)+n

∂x

(− x

λ

)∂ n−1

∂xn−1

(e−

12

x2λ

)]

2316 CHAPTER 68. A DIFFERENT KIND OF STOCHASTIC INTEGRATIONNow alsoexp (1-9) -5)- x H,, (—x)and taking successive derivatives with respect to ¢ of the left side and evaluating at t = 0yieldsH,, (—x) = (—1)" Ay (x).Summarizing these as in [102],Ay, (x) = An-1(x),n > 1, Ho (x) =0,Ai (xXAp (x) — Ha) (n+ 1) Anyi (x), 1Hy (—x) = (—1)" Ah (x)Clearly, these relations show that all of these H,, are polynomials. Also the degree of H), (x)is n and the coefficient of x” is 1/n!.> )=x= >1 (68.1.3)Definition 68.1.1 You can also consider Hermite polynomials which depend on A. Theseare defined as follows:H,, (x,A) = (-) exe 0 (e»*)n! ox"You can see clearly that these are polynomials in x. For example, let n = 2. Then youwould have from the above definition.2 2Ho(x,a) =| e ei © (ed) telaThe idea is you end up with polynomials of degree n times eo /22in the derivative partand then this cancels with e 24 to leave you with a polynomial of degree n. Also theleading term will always be 2 ; which is easily seen from the above. Then there are somerelationships satisfied by these.Say n > | in what follows.)5, ft (x,A) =Now since n > 1, that last term reduces toAN" poe? [8 (4Z) nd (2) 2 (ottnt a ax \© Ox \ 2) axrt \E